1. The organization that receives federal funding for a project.
The organization that receives federal funding for the project is most likely (typically) to own the data resulting from the research project.
Explanation:
The organization that receives federal funding for a project is more likely to be accountable and controlling authority for the research project. The federal funding somehow shows entrust of the government in that organization.
Now, the organization become main regulating and controlling body for the project.
And, the data obtained from the research is likely to be owned by the very same organization as they have spent funds to collect the data.
P.s: views mentioned is my personal opinion.